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Encrypt Sitecore Experience Forms Data in Powerful Ways

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Last week, I was honoured to co-present Sitecore Experience Forms alongside my dear friend — and fellow trollster 😉Sitecore MVP Kamruz Jaman at SUGCON EU 2018. We had a blast showing the ins and outs of Experience Forms, and of course trolled a bit whilst on the main stage.

During our talk, Kamruz had mentioned the possibility of replacing the “Out of the Box” (OOTB) Sitecore.ExperienceForms.Data.IFormDataProvider — this lives in Sitecore.ExperienceForms.dll — whose class implementations serve as Repository objects for storing or retrieving from some datastore (in Experience Forms this is MS SQL Server OOTB) with another to encrypt/decrypt data when saving to or retrieving from the datastore.

Well, I had done something exactly like this for Web Forms for Marketers (WFFM) about five years ago — be sure to have a read my blog post on this before proceeding as it gives context to the rest of this blog post — so thought it would be appropriate for me to have a swing at doing this for Experience Forms.

I first created an interface for classes that will encrypt/decrypt strings — this is virtually the same interface I had used in my older post on encrypting data in WFFM:

namespace Sandbox.Foundation.Forms.Services.Encryption
{
	public interface IEncryptor
	{
		string Encrypt(string key, string input);

		string Decrypt(string key, string input);
	}
}

I then created a class to encrypt/decrypt strings using the RC2 encryption algorithm — I had also poached this from my older post on encrypting data in WFFM (please note, this encryption algorithm is not the most robust so do not use this in any production environment. Please be sure to use something more robust):

using System.Text;
using System.Security.Cryptography;

namespace Sandbox.Foundation.Forms.Services.Encryption
{
	public class RC2Encryptor : IEncryptor
	{
		public string Encrypt(string key, string input)
		{
			byte[] inputArray = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(input);
			RC2CryptoServiceProvider rc2 = new RC2CryptoServiceProvider();
			rc2.Key = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key);
			rc2.Mode = CipherMode.ECB;
			rc2.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;
			ICryptoTransform cTransform = rc2.CreateEncryptor();
			byte[] resultArray = cTransform.TransformFinalBlock(inputArray, 0, inputArray.Length);
			rc2.Clear();
			return System.Convert.ToBase64String(resultArray, 0, resultArray.Length);
		}

		public string Decrypt(string key, string input)
		{
			byte[] inputArray = System.Convert.FromBase64String(input);
			RC2CryptoServiceProvider rc2 = new RC2CryptoServiceProvider();
			rc2.Key = UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key);
			rc2.Mode = CipherMode.ECB;
			rc2.Padding = PaddingMode.PKCS7;
			ICryptoTransform cTransform = rc2.CreateDecryptor();
			byte[] resultArray = cTransform.TransformFinalBlock(inputArray, 0, inputArray.Length);
			rc2.Clear();
			return UTF8Encoding.UTF8.GetString(resultArray);
		}
	}
}

Next, I created the following class to store settings I need for encrypting and decrypting data using the RC2 algorithm class above:

namespace Sandbox.Foundation.Forms.Models
{
	public class FormEncryptionSettings
	{
		public string EncryptionKey { get; set; }
	}
}

The encryption key above is needed for the RC2 algorithm to encrypt/decrypt data. I set this key in a config object defined in a Sitecore patch configuration file towards the bottom of this post.

I then created an interface for classes that will encrypt/decrypt FormEntry instances (FormEntry objects contain submitted data from form submissions):

using Sitecore.ExperienceForms.Data.Entities;

namespace Sandbox.Foundation.Forms.Services.Encryption
{
	public interface IFormEntryEncryptor
	{
		void EncryptFormEntry(FormEntry entry);

		void DecryptFormEntry(FormEntry entry);
	}
}

The following class implements the interface above:

using System.Linq;

using Sitecore.ExperienceForms.Data.Entities;

using Sandbox.Foundation.Forms.Models;

namespace Sandbox.Foundation.Forms.Services.Encryption
{
	public class FormEntryEncryptor : IFormEntryEncryptor
	{
		private readonly FormEncryptionSettings _formEncryptionSettings;
		private readonly IEncryptor _encryptor;

		public FormEntryEncryptor(FormEncryptionSettings formEncryptionSettings, IEncryptor encryptor)
		{
			_formEncryptionSettings = formEncryptionSettings;
			_encryptor = encryptor;
		}

		public void EncryptFormEntry(FormEntry entry)
		{
			if (!HasFields(entry))
			{
				return;
			}

			foreach (FieldData field in entry.Fields)
			{
				EncryptField(field);
			}
		}

		protected virtual void EncryptField(FieldData field)
		{
			if(field == null)
			{
				return;
			}

			field.FieldName = Encrypt(field.FieldName);
			field.Value = Encrypt(field.Value);
			field.ValueType = Encrypt(field.ValueType);
		}

		protected virtual string Encrypt(string input)
		{
			return _encryptor.Encrypt(_formEncryptionSettings.EncryptionKey, input);
		}

		public void DecryptFormEntry(FormEntry entry)
		{
			if (!HasFields(entry))
			{
				return;
			}

			foreach (FieldData field in entry.Fields)
			{
				DecryptField(field);
			}
		}

		protected virtual bool HasFields(FormEntry entry)
		{
			return entry != null
					&& entry.Fields != null
					&& entry.Fields.Any();
		}

		protected virtual void DecryptField(FieldData field)
		{
			if(field == null)
			{
				return;
			}

			field.FieldName = Decrypt(field.FieldName);
			field.Value = Decrypt(field.Value);
			field.ValueType = Decrypt(field.ValueType);
		}

		protected virtual string Decrypt(string input)
		{
			return _encryptor.Decrypt(_formEncryptionSettings.EncryptionKey, input);
		}
	}
}

The EncryptFormEntry() method above iterates over all FieldData objects contained on the FormEntry instance, and passes them to the EncryptField() mehod which encrypts the FieldName, Value and ValueType properties on them.

Likewise, the DecryptFormEntry() method iterates over all FieldData objects contained on the FormEntry instance, and passes them to the DecryptField() mehod which decrypts the same properties mentioned above.

I then created an interface for classes that will serve as factories for IFormDataProvider instances:

using Sitecore.ExperienceForms.Data;
using Sitecore.ExperienceForms.Data.SqlServer;

namespace Sandbox.Foundation.Forms.Services.Factories
{
	public interface IFormDataProviderFactory
	{
		IFormDataProvider CreateNewSqlFormDataProvider(ISqlDataApiFactory sqlDataApiFactory);
	}
}

The following class implements the interface above:

using Sitecore.ExperienceForms.Data;
using Sitecore.ExperienceForms.Data.SqlServer;

namespace Sandbox.Foundation.Forms.Services.Factories
{
	public class FormDataProviderFactory : IFormDataProviderFactory
	{
		public IFormDataProvider CreateNewSqlFormDataProvider(ISqlDataApiFactory sqlDataApiFactory)
		{
			return new SqlFormDataProvider(sqlDataApiFactory);
		}
	}
}

The CreateNewSqlFormDataProvider() method above does exactly was the method name says. You’ll see it being used in the following class below.

This next class ultimately becomes the new IFormDataProvider instance but decorates the OOTB one which is created from the factory class above:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;


using Sitecore.ExperienceForms.Data;
using Sitecore.ExperienceForms.Data.Entities;
using Sitecore.ExperienceForms.Data.SqlServer;

using Sandbox.Foundation.Forms.Services.Encryption;
using Sandbox.Foundation.Forms.Services.Factories;

namespace Sandbox.Foundation.Forms.Services.Data
{
	public class FormEncryptionDataProvider : IFormDataProvider
	{
		private readonly IFormDataProvider _innerProvider;
		private readonly IFormEntryEncryptor _formEntryEncryptor;

		public FormEncryptionDataProvider(ISqlDataApiFactory sqlDataApiFactory, IFormDataProviderFactory formDataProviderFactory, IFormEntryEncryptor formEntryEncryptor)
		{
			_innerProvider = CreateInnerProvider(sqlDataApiFactory, formDataProviderFactory);
			_formEntryEncryptor = formEntryEncryptor;
		}

		protected virtual IFormDataProvider CreateInnerProvider(ISqlDataApiFactory sqlDataApiFactory, IFormDataProviderFactory formDataProviderFactory)
		{
			return formDataProviderFactory.CreateNewSqlFormDataProvider(sqlDataApiFactory);
		}

		public void CreateEntry(FormEntry entry)
		{
			EncryptFormEntryField(entry);
			_innerProvider.CreateEntry(entry);
		}

		protected virtual void EncryptFormEntryField(FormEntry entry)
		{
			_formEntryEncryptor.EncryptFormEntry(entry);
		}

		public void DeleteEntries(Guid formId)
		{
			_innerProvider.DeleteEntries(formId);
		}

		public IReadOnlyCollection<FormEntry> GetEntries(Guid formId, DateTime? startDate, DateTime? endDate)
		{
			IReadOnlyCollection<FormEntry>  entries = _innerProvider.GetEntries(formId, startDate, endDate);
			if(entries == null || !entries.Any())
			{
				return entries;
			}

			foreach(FormEntry entry in entries)
			{
				DecryptFormEntryField(entry);
			}

			return entries;
		}

		protected virtual void DecryptFormEntryField(FormEntry entry)
		{
			_formEntryEncryptor.DecryptFormEntry(entry);
		}
	}
}

The class above does delegation to the IFormEntryEncryptor instance to encrypt the FormEntry data and then passes the FormEntry to the inner provider for saving.

For decrypting, it retrieves the data from the inner provider, and then decrypts it via the IFormEntryEncryptor instance before returning to the caller.

Finally, I created an IServicesConfigurator class to wire everything up into the Sitecore container (I hope you are using Sitecore Dependency Injection capabilities as this comes OOTB — there are no excuses for not using this!!!!!!):

using System;

using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;

using Sitecore.Abstractions;
using Sitecore.DependencyInjection;
using Sitecore.ExperienceForms.Data;

using Sandbox.Foundation.Forms.Models;
using Sandbox.Foundation.Forms.Services.Encryption;
using Sandbox.Foundation.Forms.Services.Data;
using Sandbox.Foundation.Forms.Services.Factories;

namespace Sandbox.Foundation.Forms
{
	public class FormsServicesConfigurator : IServicesConfigurator
	{
		public void Configure(IServiceCollection serviceCollection)
		{
			serviceCollection.AddSingleton(provider => GetFormEncryptionSettings(provider));
			serviceCollection.AddSingleton<IEncryptor, RC2Encryptor>();
			serviceCollection.AddSingleton<IFormEntryEncryptor, FormEntryEncryptor>();
			serviceCollection.AddSingleton<IFormDataProviderFactory, FormDataProviderFactory>();
			serviceCollection.AddSingleton<IFormDataProvider, FormEncryptionDataProvider>();
		}

		private FormEncryptionSettings GetFormEncryptionSettings(IServiceProvider provider)
		{
			return CreateConfigObject<FormEncryptionSettings>(provider, "moduleSettings/foundation/forms/formEncryptionSettings");
		}

		private TConfigObject CreateConfigObject<TConfigObject>(IServiceProvider provider, string path) where TConfigObject : class
		{
			BaseFactory factory = GetService<BaseFactory>(provider);
			return factory.CreateObject(path, true) as TConfigObject;
		}

		private TService GetService<TService>(IServiceProvider provider)
		{
			return provider.GetService<TService>();
		}
	}
}

Everything above is normal service class registration except for the stuff in the GetFormEncryptionSettings() method. Here, I’m creating an instance of a FormEncryptionSettings class but am instantiating it using the Sitecore Configuration Factory for the configuration object defined in the Sitecore patch configuration file below, and am making that available for being injected into classes that need it (the FormEntryEncryptor above uses it).

I then wired everything together using the following Sitecore patch configuration file:

<configuration xmlns:patch="http://www.sitecore.net/xmlconfig/">
	<sitecore>
		<services>
			<configurator type="Sandbox.Foundation.Forms.FormsServicesConfigurator, Sandbox.Foundation.Forms" />
			<register serviceType="Sitecore.ExperienceForms.IFormDataProvider, Sitecore.ExperienceForms">
				<patch:delete />
			</register>
		</services>
		<moduleSettings>
			<foundation>
				<forms>
					<formEncryptionSettings type="Sandbox.Foundation.Forms.Models.FormEncryptionSettings, Sandbox.Foundation.Forms" singleInstance="true">
						<!-- I stole this from https://sitecorejunkie.com/2013/06/21/encrypt-web-forms-for-marketers-fields-in-sitecore/ -->
						<EncryptionKey>88bca90e90875a</EncryptionKey>
					</formEncryptionSettings>
				</forms>
			</foundation>
		</moduleSettings>
	</sitecore>
</configuration>

I want to call out that I’m deleting the OOTB IFormDataProvider above using a patch:delete. I’m re-adding it via the IServicesConfigurator above using the decorator class previously shown above.

Let’s take this for a spin.

I first created a new form (this is under “Forms” on the Sitecore Launchepad ):

I then put it on a page with an MVC Layout; published everything; navigated to the test page with the form created above; filled out the form; and then clicked the submit button:

Let’s see if the data was encrypted. I opened up SQL Server Management Studio and ran a query on the FormEntry table in my Experience Forms Database:

As you can see the data was encrypted.

Let’s export the data to make sure it gets decrypted. We can do that by exporting the data as a CSV from Forms in the Sitecore Launchpad:

As you can see the data is decrypted in the CSV:

I do want to mention that Sitecore MVP João Neto had provided two other methods for encrypting data in Experience Forms in a post he wrote last January. I recommend having a read of that.

Until next time, see you on the Sitecore Slack 😉


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